Git

1. Getting a repository

   git init and clone, working directory, tracked vs untracked files.

2. Recording changes

   Staging area (index), git add, commit, status, diff, gitignore, file states.

3. Viewing history

   git log, formatting, filtering, graph output.

4. Undoing things

   Amending commits, unstaging, restoring files, revert.

5. Git objects and the DAG

   Content-addressable store, blobs, trees, commits, tags, SHA-1 hashes, commit DAG.

6. Git references

   Refs, HEAD, branches as pointers, tags, symbolic refs.

7. Branching

   Branches as pointers, creating and switching branches, HEAD, branch workflows.

8. Basic branching and merging

   Fast-forward and three-way merges, merge commits, conflict resolution.

9. Advanced merging

   Merge strategies, conflicts, rerere, undoing merges, ours/theirs.

10. Rebasing

    Rebase vs merge, replaying commits, interactive rebase, the perils of rebasing shared history.

11. Rewriting history

    Amend, interactive rebase (squash, fixup, reorder), filter-branch, cherry-pick.

12. Reset demystified

    reset soft/mixed/hard, HEAD, index and working tree, checkout vs reset.

13. Working with remotes

    origin, fetch, pull, push, remote-tracking branches, upstream.

14. Remote branches and refspecs

    Tracking branches, push/pull behavior, deleting remote branches, refspecs.

15. Stashing and cleaning

    git stash, stash pop/apply, git clean.

16. Maintenance and data recovery

    Reflog, recovering lost commits, gc, fsck, removing objects.

17. Distributed workflows

    Centralized, integration-manager, fork and pull request workflows.

18. Git hooks

    pre-commit, commit-msg, pre-push, server-side hooks.

Each section links to the official page. Titles and summaries by Extra Credit; the docs belong to their authors.

Source: endoflife.date